Non - union of metatarsal and phalangeal fractures commonly occurs due to reasons such as separation and displacement of the fracture ends, soft tissue interposition, and unstable fixation. Patients often experience symptoms like abnormal local movement and tenderness. A definitive diagnosis can be made through X - ray examination. In terms of treatment, the first consideration is usually to change the fixation method and strengthen the fixation. For example, if the plaster cast fixation is unstable, an anterior splint can be added, or splint fixation can be used to maintain the stability of the fracture ends. If the non - union persists for a long time, and the fracture ends show obvious sclerosis and medullary cavity occlusion, surgical treatment is generally recommended. The medullary cavity should be opened, and local plate fixation should be applied. At the same time, autologous cancellous bone from the iliac crest can be harvested for local bone grafting, which can effectively promote fracture healing. Most patients have a good prognosis after treatment.