The purpose of drug treatment for children with Tetralogy of Fallot is to alleviate hypoxic spells, but it cannot fundamentally cure the cardiac anatomical malformation. When children cry, engage in strenuous activities, experience dehydration, anemia, elevated catecholamine levels, acidosis, and decreased systemic vascular resistance, it can cause the muscles of the right ventricular outflow tract to contract, exacerbating the obstruction. A decrease in systemic vascular resistance and aggravated outflow tract obstruction can lead to a further reduction in pulmonary blood flow, resulting in hypoxic spells. During a hypoxic spell, the child should first be placed in the knee - chest position. Treatment includes oxygen inhalation, sedation, intravenous infusion of sodium bicarbonate and balanced salt solutions, and the use of α - receptor blockers to increase systemic vascular resistance. In the long term, β - receptor blockers can be used to reduce myocardial contractility and the frequency and intensity of hypoxic spells.