Most cases of lung rales during auscultation are due to aspiration pneumonia. However, some patients may also have symptoms of rales during auscultation because they have pulmonary edema. Rales during auscultation indicate that the lung disease is relatively serious. It is necessary to conduct detailed examinations in a timely manner, identify the cause, and then provide symptomatic treatment. Chest CT, blood routine, C-reactive protein, etiological, and pulmonary function tests are needed to accurately diagnose the cause before symptomatic medication can be administered. During the period when lung rales occur, it is essential to strengthen nursing care. Patients should avoid overexertion, maintain a light diet with low salt and low fat, keep the indoor air ventilated, prevent the air from being too dry, and ensure that the indoor temperature and humidity are appropriate. At the same time, patients should be encouraged to cough, which can expel foreign objects from the lungs and alleviate the symptoms of rales.